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某学宫抬梁式木梁架加固方案及模拟分析

Reinforcement Scheme and Simulation Analysis of the Timber Beam Frame in a Traditional Academy

  • 摘要: 为解决某学宫修缮后抬梁式木梁架的变形、下挠甚至开裂的问题,本文提出并验证了一种加固方案。通过参考岭南地区学府的建筑样式和相关研究,确定了适用于木梁架的加固思路,并采用GEN建立了有限元模型,对加固前后木梁架的弯矩和变形进行了分析。最后,将模拟结果与加固后实测的梁架变形情况进行了对比。结果表明,在木桁架之间新增转换构件,无需揭瓦即可消除潜在的安全隐患;新增的木花墩和随梁枋有效减少了木梁的受挠跨度,显著改善了抬梁式木梁架的受力和变形特性;在不考虑材料各向异性、榫接工艺及地基沉降等复杂因素,有限元模型仍能较准确模拟木结构变形情况。该研究为古建筑修缮提供了技术参考。

     

    Abstract: To address the issues of deformation, sagging, and even cracking in the raised-beam timber frames of a certain academy after its restoration, a reinforcement scheme was proposed and validated. Drawing on the architectural style of academies in the Lingnan region and related studies, a reinforcement strategy suitable for timber frames was determined. A finite element model was established using GEN to analyze the bending moment and deformation of the timber frames before and after reinforcement. Finally, the simulation results were compared with the measured deformation of the frames after reinforcement. The results indicate that adding conversion components between timber trusses effectively eliminates potential safety hazards without the need to remove roof tiles. The addition of decorative wooden columns and beam-following plates significantly reduces the span of the beams under bending, thereby improving the stress and deformation characteristics of the raised-beam timber frames. Despite not accounting for material anisotropy, mortise-and-tenon joints, and foundation settlement, the finite element model accurately simulates the deformation behavior of timber structures. This study provides a technical reference for the restoration of historic buildings.

     

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