Abstract: With the increasing attention to modular integrated buildings in the field of architecture, whether the overall stress performance of new shear walls under axial compression is comparable to traditional cast-in-place structures has become a key issue of concern. This study conducted axial compression tests on six shear walls and established corresponding finite element analysis models using ABAQUS software to explore the axial compression performance of two new types of shear walls (sandwich shear walls and grouted shear walls) in modular integrated buildings. The results show that under axial compression, the cracks in the sandwich shear wall and the grouted shear wall specimens are mainly oblique cracks. The concrete at the corners of the left and right sides first fails, extending from both sides of the wall to the middle of the wall. The wall near the crack protrudes outward, and the concrete peels off until it fails. The bearing capacity of sandwich shear walls and grouted shear walls is slightly lower than that of cast-in-place shear walls, and the ultimate displacement is basically the same as that of cast-in-place shear walls. Based on experimental and finite element analysis results, provide a calculation formula for the axial compressive bearing capacity of shear walls considering a reduction factor (0.9).