Abstract: In order to solve the optimization problem of caisson construction in the process of assembled building construction, with the purpose of saving construction cost, starting from the optimization of tower crane configuration, the construction process and deepening design of caisson forms such as assembled prefabricated caisson using laminated plate, caisson connected with shear wall, overall prefabricated caisson, integrated steel penguin-connected caisson, and overall prefabricated toilet parts were discussed respectively, and the optimization scheme and construction method proposed in this paper were verified based on the actual project. Finally, the construction quality and construction safety recommendations for prefabricated components of assembled caissons were given. The feasibility of the optimization scheme and construction method proposed in this paper was verified based on actual projects. The relevant research results can provide reliable reference and engineering experience for saving construction cost and optimizing deep design of assembled buildings.