Abstract: Aiming at the problem of vibrations generated by the operation of transportation facilities that disrupt the functional use of interior spaces in surrounding buildings, a vibration mitigation structure is proposed. This structure involves the installation of hollow bricks made from locally resonant phononic crystals with cylindrical cavity rubber layers within the subgrade during the construction of building basements. These hollow bricks consist of periodically arranged cylindrical cavity rubber layers and solid metal cores, leveraging the local resonance effects of phononic crystals to reduce the transmission of vibrations from transportation facilities to the main structural framework. The proposed vibration mitigation structure is analyzed through simulation using ABAQUS, a general-purpose finite element analysis software. The study investigates the dynamic response and vibration attenuation characteristics of the prefabricated hollow bricks, focusing on their vibration mitigation performance under varying structural and material parameters. The research results indicate that when vibration waves are below 10 Hz, the prefabricated hollow bricks filled with locally resonant phononic crystal units exhibit superior vibration mitigation performance compared to those without such units. Conversely, when vibration waves are in the range of 15 Hz to 50 Hz, hollow bricks without locally resonant phononic crystal units show better vibration mitigation performance than those with the units. Additionally, the bandgap characteristics and vibration mitigation effectiveness of the prefabricated hollow bricks vary according to the size and material of the scatterers, influencing the response to external vibrations.