Abstract: In this paper, the mechanical properties of basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars after freeze-thaw cycles were investigated, focusing on their performance in tensile and compression tests. The specimens were first subjected to different numbers of freeze-thaw cycles (0, 100, 200 and 300 cycles), and then the mechanical properties of BFRP bars after freeze-thaw damage were investigated by tensile and compression tests. The test results showed that the strength (tensile strength and compressive strength) and ultimate strain (ultimate tensile strain and ultimate compressive strain) of BFRP bars generally decreased with the increase of the number of freeze-thaw cycles. The elastic modulus (tensile and compressive modulus) of BFRP bars showed an obvious trend of increasing and then decreasing with the increase of the number of freeze-thaw cycles. According to the deterioration of various indicators of BFRP reinforcement, it is shown that BFRP reinforcement exhibits good durability performance under freeze-thaw cycles and can effectively replace traditional steel bars in concrete structures in cold regions. It is an effective method to solve steel bar corrosion.