Abstract: This study proposes an innovative design method for yielding devices, with a focus on introducing a new type of graded yielding anchor rod and its key structural features and application advantages in large deformation tunnel support. Through systematic yielding characteristic tests, the deformation mechanism, failure mode, and the influence of yielding load and yielding distance on the performance of the new yielding device were deeply studied. Further detailed analysis was conducted on the deformation characteristics of the graded compression anchor rod using pull-out tests, and its stress-strain relationship curve was plotted, which was comprehensively compared with traditional ordinary anchor rods. The research results indicate that the new graded anchor rod structure design is compact and efficient, and can better adapt to large deformation of surrounding rock, providing a more reliable technical solution and practical path for tunnel support engineering. This study is of great significance for improving engineering safety and sustainability, and provides new ideas and innovative impetus for the technological development of tunnel support.