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复杂体型超高层建筑风荷载数值模拟分析

Numerical Simulation Analysis of Wind Loads on Complex-shaped Super-tall Buildings

  • 摘要: 为研究复杂体型超高层建筑的风荷载特性,以杭州富力中心项目为对象,基于Realizable k-ε湍流模型,采用计算流体动力学方法对群体工况和单体工况下超高层建筑的表面风压分别进行了数值模拟。分析了不同风向角下建筑的平均风压与整体体型系数,并对比了单体和群体工况下的风荷载差异。结果表明:建筑遮挡会使最小平均负风压增大最多28%,对最大平均正风压基本没有影响;建筑立面退台之前最小平均负风压会减小约20%,最大平均正风压随建筑高度增高先线性增大,在建筑顶部位置转而减小;群体建筑中主塔楼的最小负风压较单体工况有所增大,反映出群体间的遮挡效应;超高层建筑的整体体型系数在底部和顶部大于规范值,在中间位置小于规范值;建筑间气动干扰效应可能导致底部整体体型系数增大,顶部整体体型系数减小;建议超高层建筑抗风设计时,底部和顶部高度整体体型系数取1.6,中间位置整体体型系数取1.4。

     

    Abstract: To investigate the wind load characteristics of complex-shaped super-tall buildings, Hangzhou R&F Center project was taken as a case study. Based on the Realizable k-ε turbulence model, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method was employed to numerically simulate the surface wind pressures on the super-tall building under both isolated and grouped building conditions. The mean wind pressures and overall shape coefficients under different wind directions were analyzed, and the differences in wind loads between the isolated and grouped conditions were compared. The results indicate that: building sheltering increases the minimum mean negative wind pressure by up to 28%, but has little effect on the maximum mean positive wind pressure; the minimum mean negative wind pressure decreases by approximately 20% significantly before the building step-back section, while the maximum mean positive wind pressure increases linearly with building height initially and then decreases near the top; within the building group, the minimum negative wind pressure on the main tower is greater than that under the isolated condition, reflecting sheltering effects among buildings; the overall shape coefficient of the super-tall building exceeds the code-specified value at the bottom and top sections but is lower in the middle section; aerodynamic interference effects between buildings may lead to an increase in the overall shape coefficient at the bottom and a decrease at the top.It is recommended that for the wind-resistant design of super high-rise buildings, the overall shape coefficient should be taken as 1.6 for the bottom and top sections, and 1.4 for the middle section.

     

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