Abstract: In order to enhance the mechanical properties of straw bale walls and overcome deficiencies such as premature cracking and rapid stiffness degradation, this study employed BFRP(Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer) mesh reinforcement technology to strengthen straw bale walls. the Vertical monotonic axial compression loading test on 2 straw brick wall specimens with scale ratio of 1/2 were carried out. The whole process of loading and failure mode of the specimen were researched, The load-displacement curve and load-strain curve of the specimens were obtained by test, and the influence of the BFRP mesh on the mechanical properties of the straw brick wall were analyzed. The results indicate that the application of BFRP mesh significantly improves the crack resistance and deformation capacity of straw bale walls. The cracking load of the reinforced walls increased by 26.7%, and the peak load increased by 9.2%. Moreover, the development of structural damage and stiffness degradation were effectively delayed, ensuring that the walls retained a residual stiffness of no less than 40% of the initial stiffness after the peak load point to resist external actions. The BFRP reinforcement technology effectively enhances the load-bearing capacity and ductility of straw bale walls, delays stiffness degradation and damage accumulation, and provides an effective reinforcement method for the engineering application of straw bale walls.