Abstract: Geopolymer foams (highly porous materials) have emerged as one of the research hotspots in the past few years due to their remarkable properties, low cost, green and low carbon synthesis protocol, enabling them to be a substitute for ordinary Portland cement-based materials. In this paper, the reaction principle of geopolymer is summarized, and the research status of geopolymer foam material, as well as the preparation technology of geopolymer foam material including aluminosilicate solid waste raw materials, geopolymer reaction alkali activator, foaming method and foam stabilizer, are summarized.The thermal insulation, sound absorption, adsorption and energy absorption properties of geopolymer foam material and the corresponding application status are discussed.Moreover, the future development prospect and problems needing attention in this field are discussed.