Abstract: In order to study the mechanical properties of steel reinforced concrete bridge pier structures under horizontal impact loads, this article designs a horizontal velocity loading method to conduct horizontal impact load tests on square steel reinforced concrete model bridge pier specimens, and compares them with stainless steel reinforced concrete bridge piers to analyze the failure modes, horizontal impact force time history curves, and displacement time history curves of ordinary square steel reinforced concrete bridge pier specimens under three different horizontal impact loads. The results showed that ordinary steel-concrete bridge piers exhibited slight elastic damage, moderate elastic-plastic damage, and complete plastic failure under horizontal impact velocities of v=1, 2, and 3 m/s, respectively; The maximum displacement umax at the top of the bridge pier can reach 19.67, 38.25, and 57.44 meters, respectively, and shows a good linear increase with the increase of horizontal impact velocity; The deformation energy of ordinary steel tube concrete bridge pier specimens increases with the increase of impact velocity, while the elastic displacement first increases and then converges, and the residual plastic deformation gradually increases; Under the same impact, compared with ordinary carbon steel reinforced concrete bridge piers, stainless steel reinforced concrete bridge piers have stronger deformation resistance, lower damage degree, and stronger impact resistance