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某超高层钢结构风洞试验研究及风振分析

Wind Tunnel Test and Wind-induced Vibration Analysis of a Super High-rise Steel Structure

  • 摘要: 超高层钢结构柔性问题导致的人居舒适度问题,已成为亟待解决的工程难题。本文以某超高层框架-斜撑钢结构实体工程为背景,开展了风洞试验研究,分析了超高层钢结构的不利风向角以及风荷载分布规律。基于风洞测压试验数据,对结构进行风振动力响应分析,重点研究了最不利风向角下、一年一遇的风荷载作用下的结构加速度响应。研究结果表明:40°风向角范围内风荷载出现的概率最大,其对应风速为30 m/s,该风向角是该结构的最不利风向角;风荷载作用下结构的脉动风响应显著,且与结构前三阶的动力特性密切相关,表明该结构为显著的风敏感柔性结构;在最不利风向角(40°)、一年一遇重现期风荷载作用下,结构第33层测点的峰值加速度为0.319 m/s2,为加速度限值(0.11 m/s2)的2.9倍,表明结构的风致加速度响应较大,仅靠结构自身很难满足风致振动下的舒适性规范设计要求,需通过附加阻尼或优化构件以提高结构刚度,增加结构抗风舒适性。

     

    Abstract: The issue of human comfort caused by the flexibility of super high-rise steel structures has become an urgent engineering challenge that needs to be addressed. This study, based on a real-world super-tall frame-shear wall steel structure project, conducted wind tunnel tests to analyze unfavorable wind angles and wind load distribution patterns in super-tall steel structures. Using wind tunnel pressure measurement data, the structural wind-induced dynamic response was analyzed, with a focus on the acceleration response under the wind load of a once-in-a-year recurrence period at the most unfavorable wind angle. The research results indicate that the probability of wind load occurrence is highest within the 40° wind direction angle range, corresponding to a wind speed of 30 m/s. This wind direction angle is the most unfavorable for the structure. The fluctuating wind response of the structure under wind load is significant and closely related to the dynamic characteristics of the first three orders of the structure, indicating that the structure is a significantly wind-sensitive flexible structure. Under the once-in-a-year recurrence wind load at the most unfavorable wind angle (40°), the peak acceleration at the measurement point on the 33rd floor of the structure reached 0.319 m/s2, 2.9 times the acceleration limit (0.11 m/s2). This demonstrates that the wind-induced acceleration response is substantial, and the structure alone cannot meet the comfort design requirements for wind-induced vibrations. Additional damping or optimized components are necessary to enhance structural stiffness and improve wind-induced comfort.

     

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