Abstract: To explore the effects of different compound fertilizer supply levels on the growth of Phoebe zhennan container seedlings and solve the problem of uneven seedling quality in large-scale afforestation and seedling raising, one-year-old Phoebe zhennan container seedlings were used as the research object in this study. A two-factor randomized block design was adopted, setting four compound fertilizer concentrations and two application frequencies. The seedling growth, biomass accumulation, and seedling quality index were systematically measured and analyzed. The results showed that fertilization significantly promoted the growth of Phoebe zhennan. All indicators showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of concentration, and performed best at the concentration of 1.0%. Meanwhile, the effect of fertilizer concentration was greater than that of application frequency, with Treatment 6 (concentration 1.0%, application frequency 10 d) having the highest seedling quality index. Considering seedling quality and production costs, it is concluded that the optimal fertilization scheme for the large-scale cultivation of Phoebe zhennan container seedlings is to apply 1.0% water-soluble compound fertilizer every 10 days.This study clarified the regulatory effects of compound fertilizer concentration and application frequency on the growth of Phoebe zhennan container seedlings, identified the appropriate water and fertilizer parameters, and confirmed that the growth of Phoebe zhennan seedlings follows the principle of "appropriate supply" and that excessive concentration will inhibit growth.