Damage Monitoring Technology of Bridge Bearings Based on Multi-ring Array Ultra-thin Sensors

Aiming at the problems of complex installation, low measurement accuracy and poor system integration of traditional bridge bearing monitoring technologies, this study proposes a bridge bearing damage monitoring and evaluation technology based on multi-ring array ultra-thin sensors. The technology adopts a three-ring elastic structure with inner ring, middle ring and outer ring nested horizontally concentrically, with an overall thickness of only 24 mm, which can realize zero-modification installation. Twelve sensor groups are symmetrically arranged in the four quadrants of the bearing to form an all-round monitoring network. The monitoring system integrates data acquisition and transmission module, edge computing module and cloud interaction module to realize real-time data acquisition, preprocessing and remote monitoring. The evaluation method is based on a multi-parameter comprehensive evaluation model, combining indicators such as load distribution deviation, deformation angle and void area, and establishes a four-level disease grade judgment standard. Test data show that the eccentric load measurement error of this technology is reduced from 15% of traditional technology to less than 5%, the comprehensive measurement accuracy reaches 0.5%~2% FS, the void identification accuracy is ±5%, and the early warning response time is less than 10 seconds. This technology has broad application prospects in the bearing monitoring of municipal bridges and highway bridges.