Application and Practice of Smart Construction Site in Open-cut Tunnel Engineering Construction

Open-cut tunnel construction confronts numerous challenges in safety, quality, and schedule management due to its deep foundation pits, three-dimensionally overlapping work surfaces, and extensive environmental impacts. Traditional management models are difficult to meet the high standards of modern engineering projects. This paper analyzes the technical composition and adaptability of the smart construction site, which comprises the "hardware perception layer, network transmission layer, platform layer, application layer, support layer, and green energy-saving module". It expounds on the application paths of the smart construction site in safety, quality, schedule, and resource management during open-cut tunnel construction, and proposes strategies to address issues such as technical integration and data security. A certain open-cut tunnel project in Guangzhou has achieved refined management and control throughout the construction process by applying smart construction site technologies. It not only optimizes the operational efficiency of all links in safety, quality, schedule, and resource management, but also establishes a coordinated "human-machine-environment" safety management system. This system effectively reduces potential construction risks and cuts down resource and energy consumption during the construction process. The research shows that smart construction sites can effectively resolve the pain points in open-cut tunnel construction management, significantly improve the level and quality of construction management, provide theoretical and empirical support for the digital transformation of open-cut tunnel construction, and promote the development of smart construction site technologies from "fragmented application" to "systematic empowerment".